The streams in this area are home to the larvae of the largest land salamander in the world: the Pacific Giant Salamander.

Much of this area is covered with dense Poison Oak. Explore with caution!

Plant Communities

• Redwood/bay riparian forest
• Large fern population
• Poison Oak

Caves

The caves are a result of disintegration within the marble base of this area. A variety of cave fauna live in the caves including Townsend’s big-eared bat, an endangered species.

Geology

The steep terrain, streams, aquatic life, and caves in this area are all a result of the base geology combined with erosion. The ravines, which now border Empire Grade Road, were mined for gold and limestone for a brief time.